Tear Duct Obstruction
Understanding the Symptoms and Causes
The proper medical name for the disorder is “Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction.” It is thought to affect as many as 75% of newborns, though only about a third will show visible symptoms.
Blocked tear ducts often produce noticeable but generally nonthreatening signs.
- Chronic tearing
- Mucus mattering of the eyelashes and eyelids
- Eyelids stuck shut with caked mucus upon waking
- Red and raw eyelid skin from chronic irritation
- Possible chronic infections of the tear duct
- Fluctuating symptoms that improve and then return
- Present from birth or soon after
Tears normally drain through two small puncta in the corner of each eyelid by the nose. They pass through a canaliculus, collect in the lacrimal sac, and then travel down the nasolacrimal duct into the nasal passages. Obstruction most commonly results from a thin membrane of tissue blocking the duct at its far end where it meets the nose and throat.
Homecare and Treatment
Most obstructions clear naturally within a year, so initial care focuses on simple strategies that support the duct in opening on its own.
In many infants the membrane blocking the duct regresses without intervention, and symptoms disappear.
- The membrane often opens spontaneously by age one
- Gentle massage of the tear sac can help break the membrane
- Your ophthalmologist may demonstrate proper massage technique
- Short courses of antibiotic eye drops treat recurrent infections
If the obstruction persists beyond the first birthday, or if symptoms are severe, surgical probing is usually recommended.
- A thin, blunt probe is threaded through the tear system to open the membrane
- Fluid is flushed from the top to confirm that the duct is patent
- The procedure is quick and performed under general anesthesia
- Success rates are high with minimal risk
- Mild bloody tears or a slight nosebleed may occur briefly afterward
- Rarely, a second probing with balloon dilation or temporary tubes is needed
We Are Here to Help
Our team is dedicated to keeping your child comfortable and seeing clearly. If you have questions about tear duct obstruction or any pediatric eye concern, we look forward to caring for your family. Early guidance provides peace of mind and supports healthy vision.
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